HajraMasroor: An Icon of Feminist Literature in Pakistan
Keywords:
Feminism, HajraMasroor, progressive movement, partition, India, PakistanAbstract
Urdu literature is becoming riches by women writings. This paper seeks to offer a reading of HajraMasroor short stories in feminist perspective. In Masroor’s formative years, IsmatChughtai, Dr. Rashid Jahan and Qurrat-ul-AinHaider had established herself an independent a feminist voice. HajraMasroor wrote extensively on themes including female sexuality and femininity, middle class gentility political and economical rights for women. With a style characterized by literary realism, She established herself as a significant voice in the Urdu literature. In October 1947, HajraMasroor’sfamilty migrated to Pakistan, Masroor and Ahmed NadeemQasmico edited the prominent Urdu literary magazine Naqoosh. In Pakistan she wrote on the condition and role of women in this country. She was very passionate about bringing social change in society, she zealously wrote about social equality of women in Pakistan. Indeed, she had shown her appearance in the Urdu literature and fiction with bold imagination. She works short stories in non-traditional way. The methodology focused on the textual analysis to reveal the feminist concept of her. She spoke of sexuality, abortion lesbianism and desires of women.
References
Haqi, Shan ul Haq, “Zahida Khatoon Sherwania” Content: “Feminism aur Hum” Edited by: Dr. Fatima Hassan, Karachi: Wada Kitab Ghar, 2005, P.62.
Mirza, Hamid Baig, Urdu Afsanay Ki Rawaiyat, Islamabad: Academy Adbiyat, 1991, P. 53.
Zahida Hina, Aurat Zindgi Ka Zindan, Lahore: Takhleeq Kaar Publishers, 1992, P. 201.
Geraldine Forbes, Women in India, (United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2009), P. 41.
Zahida Hina, “Barsagheer Ki Teen Awaleen Adeeb Aurtain or Taleem Niswan” Content: “Aurat Zindgi ka Zindan” P. 203.
Chandra A Hate Changing Status of Women in Post Independent India, (New Dehli: Allied Publisher, 1969), P. 132.
Humaira Ishfaq, Dr, Edited by: Nasrae Shaheed Jahan, Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publication, 2012, P. 9.
Shahid Naqvi, “Dr Rasheed Jahan” Content: “Feminism aur Hum” P. 113.
Anwaar Ahmad, Dr, Urdu Afsana Aik Saddi Ka Qissa, Faisalabad: Mishaal Publishers, 2010, P. 89.
Athar Pervaiz, Dr, Edited by: Rajhinder Singh Bedi Aur Inn Kay Afsanay, Ali Garh: Educational Book House, 1982, P. 8.
Tanveer Anjum, “Ismat Chugtai Ka Nisai Shaeoor” Content: “Feminism Aur Hum” P. 119.
Ashraf Loon, Taraqi Pasand Urdu Afsanay May Aurat Ki Aqasi, Dehli: Educational Publishing House, 2013, P. 148.
Fatima Hassan, Dr, “Guzishta Saddi Say Ehad-e-Hazir Tak Urdu Adab May Nisai Shaeoor” Content: “Urdu Adab Aur Taanisiat” Edited by: Dr, Qazi Abid, Islamabad: Porab Academy, 2016, P. 55.
Neelam Farzana, Dr, Urdu Adab Ki Aaham Khawateen Novel Nigaar, Ali Garh: Educational Book House, 1992, P. 152.
Gopi Chund Narang, Dr, Urdu Afsanay Ki Riwayat Aur Masail, Dehli: Educational Publishing House, 1981, P. 88.
As Above, P. 55.
Ali Sardar Jaafri, Taraqi Pasand Adabi Tehreek Ki Nisf Saddi, Dehli: Dehli University, 1987, P. 103.
Kishwar Naheed, “Hajra Aapa Alvida” Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2015, P. 10.
As Above, P. 404.
Pitras Bukhari, “Debacha” Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 348.
As Above, P. 405.
As Above,
Mumtaz Sheerin, “Hajra Masroor Kay Afsanay, Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 567.
Sub Afsanay Meray, P. 132.
Anwaar Ahmad, Dr, Urdu Afsana Aik Saddi Ka Qissa, P. 127.
Zahida Hina, “Aakhri Station Aa Gya, Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 20.
Hajra Masroor, “Aakbat, Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 48.
Hajra Masroor, “Chaand Ki Dosri Taraf, Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 67.
Hajra Masroor, “Aik Kahani Baari Purani, Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 98.
Amjad Islam Amjad, “Hajra Aapa, Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 12.
Firdous Haider, “Haye Allah Say Allah Tak, Mera Safar Hajra Masroor Kay Sath, Content: “Sub Afsanay Meray” P. 24.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2021 Zaban-o-Adab
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
